| Abstract | Pandemija koronavirusa1 COVID-192, kao globalna bolest, od početka 2020. godine brzo je uzdrmala svjetsko gospodarstvo i preokrenula svijet naopako, te posljedično značajno utjecala na razvoj brodske industrije (uključujući brodarske i lučke operatore, državne vlasti, brodare, pomorce, putnike, operatore opskrbnog lanca itd.). Naime, život kakav smo poznavali drastično se promijenio i već duže vrijeme suočeni smo s ogromnim izazovima u svim sektorima društva. Kao okosnica globalne trgovine i gospodarstva, u tom segmentu brodarska industrija ima veliku ulogu s obzirom na činjenicu da čini više od 80% svjetske trgovine.
Kritične informacije o karakteristikama ovog novog virusa i njegovim utjecajima na globalnu poslovnu aktivnost teško se procjenjuju pa je u ovim nesigurnim vremenima nezahvalno napraviti bilo kakvu prognozu čak i za sljedećih nekoliko mjeseci. Pandemija koronavirusa zasigurno će još dugo imati dugoročni utjecaj na globalnu brodsku industriju koja se u tom smislu mora prilagođavati promjenama.
U svjetlu razvijajuće situacije s COVID-19 mnoge brodarske tvrtke implementirale su brojne operativne prilagodbe kako bi osigurali dobrobit svojih zaposlenika i posade na brodovima i ulažu velike napore u nastojanju osiguranja nesmetane operativnosti svoje flote. Prema ISM kodeksu3, brodski menadžeri moraju procijeniti sve identificirane rizike za svoje brodove i osoblje te uspostaviti odgovarajuće zaštitne mjere. Kao rezultat toga, brodarske tvrtke trebale su, i još uvijek trebaju, razviti planove i postupke za rješavanje rizika povezanih s pandemijom COVID-19 kako bi očuvali zdravlje pomoraca i osigurali sigurnost brodskih operacija. Dok su pomorske mjere zaštite na radu na brodovima, uključujući razne planove i postupke, koje mogu ili su već postavljene u Sustavu upravljanja sigurnošću (engl. Safety management system – dalje u tekstu: SMS4), brodski menadžeri mogu identificirati potrebu za izmjenom ili revizijom određenih mjera u svjetlu pandemije COVID-19.
Oko 400 000 pomoraca bilo je u početku pandemije „zarobljeno“ na brodovima te nije imalo mogućnost povratka kući zbog mjera donesenih protiv zaraze tijekom putovanja i prelaska granica. Isto tako, sličnom broju pomoraca bio je onemogućen povratak na brod kako bi zaradili za život.
U ovom završnom radu analiziran je utjecaj pandemije koronavirusa na svjetski i domaći pomorski sektor, a poseban naglasak je stavljen na stratešku ulogu menadžmenta brodarskih poduzeća i brodskog menadžmenta u tim okolnostima. |
| Abstract (english) | The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, as a global disease, has rapidly shaken the world economy since the beginning of 2020 and turned the world upside down, and consequently significantly affected the development of the shipping industry (including shipping and port operators, government authorities, shipping companies, seafarers, passengers, operators supply chain, etc.). Namely, life as we knew it has changed drastically and we have been facing huge challenges in all sectors of society for a long time. As the backbone of global trade and the economy, the shipping industry plays a major role in this segment given the fact that it accounts for more than 80% of world trade.
Critical information about the characteristics of this new virus and its impacts on global business activity is difficult to assess, so in these uncertain times it is ungrateful to make any prediction even for the next few months. The coronavirus pandemic will certainly have a long-term impact on the global shipping industry, which must adapt to change in this regard.
In spotlight of the evolving situation with COVID-19, many shipping companies have implemented a number of operational adjustments to ensure the well-being of their employees and crew on board ships and are making great efforts to ensure the smooth operation of their fleet. According to the ISM Code, ship managers must assess all identified risks to their ships and personnel and establish appropriate safeguards. As a result, shipping companies should, and still need to, develop plans and procedures to address the risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic to preserve the health of seafarers and ensure the safety of ship operations. While maritime safety measures at work on ships, including various plans and procedures, may or have not already been set up in the Safety Management System (SMS), ship managers may identify the need to amend or revise certain measure in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.
About 400,000 seafarers were "trapped" on ships at the start of the pandemic and were unable to return home due to measures taken against the infection while traveling and crossing borders. Likewise, a similar number of seafarers were prevented from returning to the ship in order to earn a living.
In this final paper, the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the global and domestic maritime sector is analyzed, with special emphasis on the strategic role of shipping company management and ship management in these circumstances. |
