Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant public health issue, particularly in developed countries, due to its high incidence and mortality rates. This study, conducted at General Hospital Dubrovnik from 2021 to 2023, analyzed 166 patients diagnosed with CRC. The primary objectives were to determine the epidemiological characteristics, histopathological types, and prognostic factors such as tumor size, degree of differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, and lymph node status. The results indicated that CRC is more common in men (56 %) than in women (44 %), with most tumors diagnosed at stage T3 according to the TNM classification. Histologically, adenocarcinoma was the most prevalent type of tumor (89 %), and most tumors were moderately differentiated (G2). Comparison with global data reveals similar epidemiological and clinical trends. The national screening program, aimed at early detection of CRC, continues to show a low participation rate (25 – 30 %), which is below the European Union average. Nevertheless, screening programs have been proven to reduce mortality by more than 20 % among populations that regularly participate in testing. The main conclusion of the study emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach that combines early detection, personalized medicine and multidisciplinary treatment to improve treatment outcomes. Timely diagnosis and targeted therapeutic interventions are crucial for reducing the public health burden of CRC and enhancing the quality of life for patients. The results of this research offer significant contributions to clinical practice and healthcare planning.