Insects are one of the most common biological causes of paper records damage. They pass through different phases during their life cycle. Some pass through complete metamorphosis and some only through a partial metamorphosis. In a partial transformation, a nymph comes out of the egg, which changes several times before it completely transforms into an adult individual. Complete transition is typical of insects that have a larva stage and a stage of an adult insect. All these stages can be found in libraries and archives; among books, on shelves that have books placed on them etc. In this paper insects are decribed on the basis of their structure and main characteristics and it is mentioned the description of the damage they cause on paper. Also it is described the methods by which damaging insects activity can be prevented, including insect traps and „Integrated Pest Management“ concept. In relation to the insect species, condition and object material, various chemical and non- chemical methods are applied to suppress against insects.