Studying the Austrian modern population census a certain discrepancy was established between the data in preserved specification list (and/or application forms) and the data in Austrian statistic publications even though, by default, they should be the same. Looking for the mentioned differences this work was created. It presents a specific view of the Austrian population census of 1910 seen from the perspective of specification list, that primary source, from which the Austrian statistic got the data for their publications such as Spezialortsrepertorium, Österreichishe Statistik etc. Using the new historical methods of crossing of the processed data from specification list with other sources, there have been many discoveries, some of them highly differ from so far respected opinions. The view from specification list speaks about irrelevance of the census results on the language of communication on all bi(three) lingual territories. People who performed the census adapted to their political needs. It points to audits from the 1910 census as the Habsburg response to the Italian foreign policy shift; that is to approach Russia. It reveals the standard mistake of the Austrian statistic which without base (in the most developed parts of the monarchy, at the beginning of the 20th century) places the servants among the inactive population. It uncovers the story about priest Mandić who bought the land of Italian big landowners and on it he settled »our« people and much more. In addition to the above mentioned it is necessary to outline the maps drawn on the basis of the data of specification list. These are the most accurate data that Austrian statistic can provide because they are based on the smallest territorial units. Data from register allowed the creation of the period pyramid and the calculations of many social parameters.